Inductor-generator



INDUCTOR GENERATOR.

\PPL|CATION FILED JAN-21.1918.

1,354,546. Patented oct. 5,1920.A

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

H. F. GEIS.

INDUCTOH GENERATOR.

APPLxcATioN HLED JAN.2|.1918.

Patented oct. 5,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H '6to 1111636'.

FFHSE.

yHARRY F. GEST, OF SUTER, SOUTH CAROLINA, ASSIGNOR TO WEBSTER1'Ii-332.1151C'LRIC. COVIPAIIY, OF AGNE, WVISCONSN, A CRPOB-TION GFWISCONSIN.

INDUCTR-GENERATOR jwgimllh Specification of Letters Patent. Fatemi-Jgd5, 1929; ipgilieation filed January 21, 1918. Serial No. 212,95.

Toalluvioni/tai@ concern.: points have to also impart motion to the Beit known that l, liliana? F. Gnis'r, a rotor oi the magneto andconsequently the i citizen'of the United States, and resident oitresultant speed of igniter point separation Sumter, in the county ofSumter and'State is lowe than is found in the ordinary batof SouthCarolina, have invented new and tery or rotary magneto `form or' makeand 60 useful improvements in lnductor-Generzbreak igniter. rl`he timerequired for the tors, olf which the following is a description,electromagnetic energy stored in the mag reference being had to theaccompanying neto circuit to dissipate for any speed of drawings, whichare a part of this speoifispark point separation is governed by vthecat-ion. time constant of the circuit, which constant 6 The inventionrelates to inductor generis defined as the inductance o'r` the circuit.:ators or magnetos. divided by the circuit resistance. Conse- Fill Mieessential object or" the invention is to quently the higher theinductance and the produce an inductortype of magneto of in- `lower theresistance7 the longer it takes for creased electrical efficiency as agenerator the energy to dissipate itselrl and of course 70 and or"electrical characteristics that make itl the greater is the duration ofthe spark especially eiiicient 'for oscillating magneto which is animportant factor for efficient ignition service for explosive engines..ignition. To provide for a higher induc- For an etiicient magneto, themagnetic cirtance of the electromagnetic circuit I have cuit-sliouldhedesigned that the relative placed thecoils on the pole pieces so that 7b mot-ion between the rotor and stator prothey are incased by the ironas much as posduees a very quick shift oi the limited sible with theresult thatl the inductance of amount ot'inagnetic fluir. that ispresent and the circuit is increased per turn and as preto do lthis theoverlap of the rotor tips on viously stated have reduced the resistancethe pole pieces must be very small, so that of the coil for any givensize of wire used for the definite amountJ oi overlap area` that to aminimum. The advantage of this inis reiuired lfor the liux it is evidentthe creased inductance and decreased resistance length of bore ormachine depth must be apthus results in an increased volume of the.oreciabl lone'. lt is usual in machines of s )ark for the followingreason.

i D D this class to build the pole pieces up of one If an oscillatingmagneto ignition system forni'yifrflaminas for the total machine-depthhas an electrical circuit with a small time andi-o fit the coil aroundone or more of constant. coupled with a slow Speed of i0- the polepieces parallel to the bore with the niter separation, it is evidentthat the elecwhole of the end portions or' the coil consetrical energywill dissipate itselt` in the quently projecting from the pole piecewhich spark before the spark points have become results in anineiiiciently long coil for the refar enough separated to give lengthand volquired machine depth or it' a shorter coil is unie to the spark,and the energy of the used an inefiiciencyorn the machine resultsbespark thus condensed attacks the igniter cause of the shortened depthof bore of the points and is poor as an ignition spark. By machine e.the active coil length and the increasing the inductance and decreasingthe depth of bore are the same. To overcome resistance to provide ahigher constant as these difliculties ot prior machines l havepreviously described in connection with my devised a compound forni ofpole piece by Construction' it is evident that for the same which it ispossible to use as short a coil Speed of spark point separation, mymagas desired with any desired. depth of ,maneto, with higher timeconstant and conse-- chine bore, thus reducing the resistance of quentslower dissipation of energy, will inthe coil to a minimum and stillretaining sure a longer and larger ignition spark.r

the 'depth ci' here to give the liest possible One of the chief inherentdisadvantages overlap area for a quick magnetic shift. of the inductortype of magneto is that the 'i1 he increase in electrical eliiciency dueto ind'uctance of the circuit varies very rapidly 105 decrease incircuit resistance, is well known with the different positions of therotor durin the electrical art as it'decreases the ening its motion, andespecially over that ergy loss in the coil heating. range of its motionwhere 1t is mostl effecln the oscreting magneto system, the tive inenergy generation.

springs tnat recoil and open the igniter lnductance a measure of thedegree of interlinkage between the loops of reactive fiux and the'turnsof the coil, and is always greatest when the most complete iron pathexists for the reactive loops of flux. lThe yfaces of the rotorprojections and the clearance air gap between the rotor and stator are apart of this magnetic path, and therefore)V it follows that the `rotorposition has a very marked effect upon the inductance of the coil.

Since the rotor acts primarily toA shift the excitation flux withrespect to the coils in generating the electrical current that givesrise to the reactive flux, it is evident that the reactive liuxinterferes with thes'hifting ofthe excitation flux.

' To modify this action, I have formed the pole pieces with polarprojections that do not/coact with the rotor and inv these projectionswhich arethe upper ones as appear from theaccompanying drawings, part ofthe reactive iux is removed from the lower part of the coil to the upperpart where its effect is purely inductive, Iso that these upperprojectionsserve as a sort yreservoir to increase and stabilizev theinductance.

The invention further consists in the several features hereinafter setforth.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is an end view of a device embodying theinvention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof, parts b eing broken away and parts beingshown in section;

Figi 3 is a section taken on line :3--3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 isa partial-sectional view of the machine taken at right anglesto the rotor axis and in front of the middle pole pieces; and

pole pieces and coil connected to one of the poles of the permanentmagnets.

In the drawings,the numeral 6 designates a -pair lof permanent horseshoe magnets forming the field magnet, 7 the pole pieces which are heldin place between the side plates 12 and said pole pieces. rl'henonmagnetic end plates 11 and side plates 12 constitute the frame of themagneto which is adapted to beV secured upon any suitable support, ashelf (not shown) forming part of the igniter being usually employed.

'The laminae ofthe armature 8' are se.`

of magnetic *f Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one ofthe .securedtogether by rivets 8.

The rotor is oscillated in one direction by mechanism (not shown)controlled and 0perated by the engine which includes a member thatstrikes a pawl 15 on the shaft 9 and the rotor is quickly returned inthe opposite' direction by means of coacting springs. 16 secured at oneof their ends "to rollers 17'mounted on lugs 18 carried by the sideplates 12 and at their other ends to rollers 19 carried by `a doublecrank 20 mounted on the shaft 9.

Each pole piece 7 is made up of three sections, consisting of endsections 21 and a middle section 22. Each end section con-I sists oflaminae 23, each having a rotor coacting polar projection 24, a polarprojection 25 vwhich does not coact with the rotor, a portion 26connecting said projections to form a coil receiving recess 27. Themiddle section 4consistsl of laminae 28, each having rotor coactingpolar projections29 and 30, and a polar projection- 31 which does notcoact with the rotor, said polar projections being spaced apart to formrecesses 32 and 33 for receiving a coil 34. A bottom plate 11" issecured between the plates 11. The lamina: 28 Vare the main laminaehaving the three projections 29, 30 and 31, the projections 29 and 30terminating at the bore of the machine to coactwith the rotor and theprojection 31 serves to more completely sur-- round the coil 34 which ismounted upon the projection 30 within the recesses 27, 32 and 33 asshown in Figs. 4 and 5. The laminae 23 are auxiliary laminee and havethe p'olar'projections 24 and 25 which match up with the upper and lowerprojections of .the main laminae and serve to surround the ends of thecoil .with iron and to give the desired depth or length of bore to themachine.

Solid soft iron extension blocks 35, hav'- ing coacting rotor faces 36in line with that I of the polar projections 30 of the middle section,are secured thereto by a long fillister head tight fitting screw 37which, passing throughthe projections 30 and the end plates or spiders11, clamps said blocks and main laminae between said spiders and shortscrews 38 secure the -.upper part of these blocks to the spiders toprevent their turning-on the screw 37. These extension blocks might bemade of built up laminae but I preferably use thel solid blocks.

The soft iron blocks extend from the middle projection vto the .endplates and serve to build up'thefend ofthe -middleprojections of themain laminae to the total depth of bore and still permit coil vspaceupon this middleprojection and they also assistin ineasing the coil iniron.

iso

202blocks to form an integral constructionl 'clamp them between theThesections of laminee of each pole piece are secured together by rivets39 si) as to spiders ll into a mechanically and magnetically completebody. In assembling the machine the pole pieces with the exception ofthe extension blocks are clamped between the spiders, and

all the rivets put in place andsecurely riveted down with the exceptionof the se* curing means for the extension blocks after which the coilsare mounted in place on the middle pole piece projections and theextension blocks secured by' the screws 37 and 38`7 these screws beingremovable to permit removal of the coils if necessary. By having thecoils mounted upon the middle projections with the removable blocks 35,l am able to ixedly secure the laminated pole pieces between and to theend which is highly desirable. Another advantage in rigidly securing thelaminas to the end plates is that can ream the bore to size with theparts thus assembled.

lThe coils 34 are form wound, taped, varnished and baked before assemblyto the frame as is usual and their leads brought out so that. when thecoils are assembled they can be connected together in the space oppositethe upper projections 25 and 3l.

An insulated terminal block 40 recessed at its ends 4l to receive theupper ends of the extension blocks 85 fits within the space between theupper projections 25 and 3l of the opposite pole pieces and is securedthere- 'to against removal by a cover plate 42.

ltake care of variations that This block is of molded insulatingmaterial having a metal termi-nal block 43 inserted therein and carryingbinding posts 44 and 45.'. The coils 34 are connected in series by theconductor 46 which passes through transverse recesses 47 in the block40. One end 48 ot one of the coils is grounded on the frame and oneend-49 of the other coil is connected to the block 43 by the post 44. Aconductor or lead 50 Secured to the block 43 and passing out through aninsulated opening 5l in one of the end plates carries the current to theigniter which may be of any suitable construction.

The .end plates 11 haverecesses 52 therein and in Fig. 2 the ends of thecoils are shown projectinnV slightly into these recesses land extendingslightly beyond the outer edges of the pole pieces but not exposing thewhole end of the coil as is the case withA the usual construction. Theserecesses 52 are to allow space to facilitate assembling the coil and mayarise in coil manufacture.

n this form of construction of pole pieces. it is evident that theactive length or". the coil is determined by. the depth to which themain laminee are stacked and that this length is practically independentof the depth ot the bore of themachine wit-hin the limits of what wouldconstitute sufiicient coil space or coil cross section to represent gooddesign.

This construction permits a design using as short an active length ot'coil as `is desired, insuring a minimum coil resistance for any size otwire used Aand still retainingthe depth of bore to give the bestpossible overlap area between the rotor and pole piece tips for a quickmagnetic shift. In former constructions as previously pointed out it isusual tov build the pole "ieces up of' one form of laminas for the totalmachine depth and to fit the coil around one or more ot these polepieces, parallel to the bore with the whole of the end portions of thecoil consequently projecting from the pole pieces so that when a deepbore is used there results an ineiliciently long act-ive length of coilfor the required depth of bore of the machine or it a short coil is usedan inetlicient machine is produced because o i the shortened depth ot'bore of the machine. llith my compound form of pole piece in which theends ot the coil Ht wit-hin part of the laminee and upon the projectingpole piece of the middle tion it is possible to use as coil length asdesired with any desired depth .of machine bore.

n connection with the pre rions description it will be noted that thecoils are almost incased in the iron of the pole pieces with the resultthat the inductance of the circuit is increased per turn of the coil. Asstated in the beginning of this description an increase in theinductance together with the decrease in the resistance of the coilgives a higher time constant than could otherwise be obtained and thishigher time constant results in a longer duration and increased volumeot the spark which ot course produces more eiiicient ignition.

The general operation ot the machine is similar to the other oscillatingmagnetos vin that the motion of the rotor in one direction and its quickreturn in the opposite direc.l tion first passes all the excitation fluxeither entirely out of or through the coils and then shifts the fluxeither into or out of the coils very quickly. v

This shift ot flux with respect to the coils generates electrical energydin-ing closed circuit` that is stored due to the inductance of thecircuit and is utilized in thc torni ot an ignition spark when theignitcr opens the circuit. y v

lThis machine is however ditlercnt from the usual inductor types of thisform. in that the upper projections do notY coalctavith 'the rotor butserve only to surround the coil more completely with iron and act asreservoirs for storing electro-magnetic energy and to increase andstabilize the circuit inductance as will he apparent Yfrom F ig. 4.

short an active is shifted with respect i magnetic reservoir, toincrease and stabilize' In this fi ure the arrowsI a represent thedirectiono travel of theexcitation flux from the -lpole tothe pole andthe arrows b represent. the direction of travelof the reactionary iuxabout the coils and c the direction of flow' of the current in one ofthe coils. From this diagrammatic representation it will be apparent,that, when therotor to the coacting pole pieces the reactive flux, setup in loops that interlink with the coil, excitation flux and interfereswith its shifting but in the upper polar projectionsvvhich do not coactwith the rotor this reactive iiux does not interfere with theexcitation. flux and said projections thus serve as a sort of theinductance of the circuit.

While I have shown a magneto having pole pieces in which two of thecoasting polar projections coact with the rotor it is evident that theinvention may be carried out With the same advantages on magnetos inwhich there are more than two rotor coacting polar projections.

It will .also`be understood that advaii-A tages derived. from themounting of thecoil` so that a longer or shorter coi-l can be used -Withthe desired' depth of machine borecan be had if theI upper polarprojections 25 'and Sl'are omitted. A FromV the foregoing be apparentthat my invention not only increases the 'electrical efficiency of themagneto.; as a generator,

proved characteristics for such service as is y found-in its use inoscillating magneto ignitherefore desire it to I am aware thatthespecific details of construction -embodying the invention varesubject to some modification and change and I be understood that suchchanges as come Within the scope of the'appended claims I deem to beWithin the' spirit of my invention. l

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In an inductor generator, the combination of a field magnet providedwith ole pieces, ing coil carrying rejections coactingl with saidinductor, coi s mounted on said coil carrying projections, by-passpolar-,projections coacting with said inductor, and other 'polarprojections adjacent said coils which do not coact with said inductorbut serve to iron cladl the coil for the purpose described withoutaffecting the shifting of the iield'iiux by the inductor.

2. In an inductor generator, the combination lof 1a fieldmagnet providedwith ole pieces, an inductor, said pole pieces inc udmg polarprojections coacting with said inductoi', coils mounted upon saidvcoacting projections, and other polar projections adjacent said coilswhich do not coact with is in the path of the description it -vvill butalso gives it an inductor, saidl pole pieces inc udbut serveV to ironclad .the

coi'ls for the purpose fecting the shifting of the field ux by theinductor.

3. In an inductor generatonthe combina.

pieces,A an inductor, polar projections on said pole pieces coastingwith said inductor,

other polar` projections on said pole pieces which do not coact vvitlisaid inductor, and

cozilshaving a part contacting with said noncoacting projections whichserve to iron clad the coil and form paths for reactive flux that do notinterfere with the shifting of the flux 'from the magnets bytheinductor.

4. In an inductor generator, the combination of a ield magnet providedwith pole pieces having polar projections, coacting with saidprojections, each pole piece being formed to provide recesses forreceiving'the sides and ends of a coil, and a coil mounted on one Vofsaid polar ,projections and disposed within said recesses whereby theactive length of coil is less than and independent of the total depth ofthe pole pieces to thereby retainthe best possible overlap area for aquick with a minmumlength of'coil-turn," f

l5. In an inductor generatogzthe combina-4 tion of a eld magnet providedwith' pole pieces, an inductor, each ing ,a' middle section and endsections, said. end sections each. having a polar projection' that.coacts with the inductor, said vmiddleA sectionhaving-a plurality ofpolar projections that coact with the inductor, extension 4polarprojections adjacent the middle section, and a coil mounted on one ofthe polar projections of the middle section and ejstending across theend sections behind said extension polar projections and having a coact`with the and an inductor coacting with said pole pieces. f

7 In an inductor generator, -the combination of a field magnet providedwith laminated 'pole'pieces, each pole piece comprising a middle sectionand end sections, eac end section being composed 'of U-shaped laminas-tion of a field magnet provided with pole 'j an inductor magnetic shiftpole piece compris- 'portion disposed adjacent the polarprojeceachpole'piece compris section and end sections of laminas, saidend sections each having upper iso to form spaced polar projections,said middle section being composed ot' lamina; having upper and lowerpolar projections in line with the polar projections of the end sectionsand an intermediate polar' projection, a coil for each pole piecemounted on said intermediate polar projection and disposed within. thespace between the upper and lower polar projections of the middle andend sections, extension polar projections for said intermediate polarprojections disposed in front of the coil, and an inductor coacting withsaid pole pieces.

8. In an inductor generator, the combination of a iield magnet providedwith pole pieces, each pole piece comprising a middle section and endsections, each end section being composed of laminzc having upper andlower polar projections, said middle section being composed of laminaehaving upper and lower polar projections alined with those oi the endsections and an intermediate polar projection, a coil for cach polepiece mounted on said intermediate polar projection and disposed withinthe space between the upper and lower polar projections of the middleand end sections, extension polar projections for said intern'iediatepolar proj ections disposed in front of the coil, an inductor, one ofthe alined polar projections oit' the middle and end sections and theintermediate polar projection of the middle section and said extensionpolar projections coacting with said inductor.

9. In an inductor generator, the combination of a field magnet providedwith laminated pole pieces, each pole piece comprising a middle sectionand end sections provided with polar projections and coil receivingrecesses adjacent thereto, a coil mounted on one of the polarprojections et' said middle section andwithin said recesses, a frameincluding end plates, rivets clamping said laminated pole pieces betweensaid end plates, extension polar projections in line with the polarprojections of the middle section on which the coil is mounted anddetachably secured to said end plates .in front ot' the coil to permitremoval of the coil, an inductor coacting with said pole pieces, andmeans removably supporting the inductor on the frame.

l0. In an inductor generator, the combination of a lield magnet providedwith pole pieces, an inductor, polar projections on said pole piecescoaeting with said'inductor and including coil carrying projections,other projections on said pole pieces which do not coact with theinductor, and a coil mounted on said coil carrying projections andhaving a part contacting with said nonenacting projections, saidnon-coacting projections serving to ironclad the coil and form a pathfor reactive flux that does notv interfere with the shifting of the iuXfrom the magnets by the inductor thus serving to increase and stabilizethe inductance et the electro-magnetic circuit and to thereby increasethe energy storage capacity of the electro-magnetic circuit.

1l. In an inductor generator, the combination of a field magnet providedwith pole pieces, an inductor, 'polar projections on each pole piececoacting with the inductor, a central polar projection oiE less depththan the pole pieces connecting extension polar projections, which coactwith the inductor, to the main body of each pole piece, and a coilmounted on said central polar projection and disposed between the bodyof the pole piece and the polar extensions carried by the centralprojection and with said coil end portions lying substantially withinthe depth of the pole piece.

ln testimony whereof, I ailix my siffnature.

HARRY r. Giirsr.

